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June 11, 2010

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That Others May Live

By Greyhawk

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("Pararescue" illustration by Tech. Sgt. Cody Vance. More USAF artwork here.)

*****

"That Others May Live" - the motto of USAF Pararescue, the PJs. And this week, four paid the ultimate price for living up to that motto.

The helicopter was providing support to British troops at the time of the attack, according to The New York Times. The newspaper, quoting a Taliban spokesman, said insurgents shot down the helicopter over the Sangin district bazaar with a rocket-propelled grenade.
The Washington Post:
A rocket-propelled grenade appears to have downed the craft, said Brig. Gen. Frederick B. Hodges, one of the top U.S. commanders in southern Afghanistan, who cited the findings of a preliminary investigation.
<...>
"It's a big deal every time we lose someone," he said. "But this is more of a jolt. The medevac crews are some of the bravest people in the world. Just by the nature of what they do, they're always moving into danger."
The Las Vegas Sun, on the fallen airmen:

1st Lt. Joel C. Gentz, 25, of Grass Lake, Mich., assigned to the 58th Rescue Squadron, and Staff Sgt. David C. Smith, 26, of Eight Mile, Ala., assigned to the 66th Rescue Squadron.

Gentz was on his first deployment with more than 50 hours of combat time. Smith had seen numerous deployments in support of missions in Iraq and Afghanistan, Lt. Col. James McElhenney said in releasing a statement from Nellis.

Tech. Sgt. Michael P. Flores, 31, of San Antonio, Texas, and Senior Airman Benjamin D. White, 24, of Erwin, Tenn., assigned to the 48th Rescue Squad at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base.

Flores was on his eighth deployment as a pararescueman and had previously been stationed at Nellis. White served in the Air Force for almost four years and was on his first deployment.

The wounded airmen are assigned to the 66th RQS from Nellis Air Force Base. They are being treated at the Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in Germany. The extent of their injuries isn't known.

KVOA Tucson

Sergeant Flores is survived by his wife, Tech. Sgt. Marisa Flores, also assigned here, his three-year-old daughter Eliana, and his one-year-old son Michael. Sergeant Flores entered the Air Force June 10, 1998, and was serving on his eighth deployment. He had earned the Distinguished Flying Cross and 12 Air Medals.

Airman White is survived by his father, Anthony White, mother, Brenda Logozo, and step-father, Frank Logozo. Airman White entered the Air Force July 25, 2006, and was serving on his first deployment.

Vis Fox, you can watch a pre-deployment video story on the 66th here.

Arizona Daily Star:

Flores, a father of two, and White were pararescuemen, or PJs, highly trained to perform lifesaving missions - when necessary by using daring techniques such as rappelling from helicopters or parachuting from high altitude.

Training for the elite field is so strenuous it's known as "Superman school." About 85 percent of hopefuls wash out during the rigors, which can take two years.

PJs are highly regarded in Air Force culture for their skills and willingness to risk their lives to save others.

Both airmen were assigned to D-M's 48th Rescue Squadron, part of the 563rd Rescue Group, which conducts combat search- and-rescue missions using HH-60 Pave Hawk helicopters.

They were on a rescue mission at the time of the crash, said their squadron commander, Maj. Jason Pifer. Details of the mission were not immediately available.

Besides saving U.S. troops and allied casualties, combat rescuers often are called upon to aid wounded Afghan police, military personnel or civilians - sometimes even insurgents, Pifer said.

Even as we mourn their loss, USAF Tech. Sgt. Joseph Kapinos offers us a look at how these men lived.

*****

U.S. Air Force HH-60G Pave Hawks on the tarmac, Jan. 8, at Kandahar Airfield, Afghanistan. Photo: Staff Sgt. Manuel J. Martinez (Total-Force Airmen to the Rescue in Afghanistan)

Squadron Highlights Capabilities During Afghan Rescue Mission
Tech. Sgt. Joseph Kapinos

CAMP BASTION, Afghanistan -- A soldier is wounded during a joint British and Afghanistan national army patrol in Helmand province. Shot through both legs, his condition worsens while being cared for by the medics. It is time to call in the professionals to get him off the battlefield and to the hospital. The radios erupt with words the crews had been standing by for:

"SCRAMBLE...SCRAMBLE...SCRAMBLE!"

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U.S. Air Force Airmen from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, load their HH-60 Pave Hawk with gear. This ensures the team can respond in a moment's notice to rescue a patient and have everything needed to treat them. Photo by USAF Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

Rushing from their squadron tents and huts, located close to the flight line and their HH-60G Pave Hawk helicopters, the crews run to the waiting aircraft, strap in, fire up the engines and within minutes they are airborne on their way to the patient.

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U.S. Air Force Master Sgt. Don Ballowe, 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron flight engineer, deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, inspects his 50-caliber machine gun. While the crew pre-loads the aircraft, they also inspect their equipment to ensure it is properly working before a rescue mission. Photo by USAF Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

Time is of the essence and these Airmen from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron take it very seriously.

A U.S. Air Force pararescueman from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron stationed at Davis-Monthan AFB, Ariz., deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, looks out the door of an HH-60 Pave Hawk while on the way to pick up a patient. The members of the 66th ERQS can respond to medical evacuations in less than seven minutes to pick up patients in need of care. Photo by USAF Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

On board the helicopter, racing back to the base, the pararescue jumpers, or PJs, work as a team, tending to the patient. One handles all injuries below the waist, while the other takes care of any concerns above. They work quickly to bandage the wound on the left leg, preventing any further blood loss and verifying no nerve damage occurred.

The goal for the crews is getting the patient from the battlefield to the nearest medical care in minimal time. If they can do that during the first hour after being wounded, the chances for survival are excellent. After that "Golden Hour," those chances diminish quickly.

U.S. Air Force pararescuemen from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, receive an injured patient from coalition forces, Dec. 8. The pararecuemen will administer medical care while in transit to a medical facility. Photo by USAF Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

"Time is always critical, so our ability to get to the patient quickly, have our PJs stabilize him, and then return the survivor to a medical facility is vital," said Capt. Stephen Homan, 66th ERQS flight surgeon. "In our world, having those faster transport and response times helps us give the wounded warriors the best chance possible, and in the end we can ultimately increase his quality of life."

Since the first of September, the squadron has been very successful in saving lives and assisting patients across Southern Afghanistan. According to 1st Lt. Caitlin Cima, 66th ERQS intelligence officer, the unit has recorded 253 saves and 580 assists while flying 620 missions, a blistering operations tempo for the crews flying out of the British-run Camp Bastion.

A U.S. Air Force Pararescueman from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron stationed at Davis-Monthan AFB, Ariz., deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, provides area security while another HH-60 Pave Hawk is picking up a patient, Dec. 8. The members of the 66th ERQS can respond to medical evacuations in less than seven minutes to pick up patients in need of care. Photo by USAF Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

"Sometimes we may have five missions during a twelve-hour alert period, with 2-3 of those being 'scrambles,' or highest priority, which means someone's life is on the line," said Capt. Mark Uberuaga, 66th ERQS mission pilot.

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A U.S. Air Force pararescueman from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, provides medical attention to an Afghan who has suffered gunshot injuries, Dec. 8. The PJs are able to rescue patients in any situation who need medical attention. Photo by USAF Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

"Needless to say, before the temperatures started to drop, we were extremely busy," he added.

The high operations tempo is mainly due to the changes in their mission.

A U.S. Marine looks on as Air Force pararescuemen from the 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron swim toward a Zodiac boat, after jumping out of a Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron 461 CH-53E helicopter during freefall swimmer deployment training in the Gulf of Aden. During the training the helicopter flew low and slow enough to allow the PJs and the Zodiac to deploy from the aircraft safely into the water. Photo by Staff Sgt. Joseph Swafford

Combat Search and Rescue, or CSAR, is the primary focus for the crews. They diligently train in penetrating deep into enemy-held territory to rescue downed fliers and have been conducting these types of missions since the Korean War in 1950.

Airborne Mercy -- Whole blood is administered to an airborne casualty, enclosed in a metal capsule attached to the side of an Air Rescue helicopter about to land at an advanced air station in Korea. Medical technician holds life-giving bottle over the wounded man during the 45-minute flight from the front lines. (Circa December, 1952, Photo: National Archives and Records Administration)

During the Vietnam War, rescue crews recovered 4,120 personnel, including 2,780 in combat situations. Their dedication to the mission continues even today, with 470 U.S. or Allied personnel rescued since Sept. 11, 2001.

HH-43 Huskie helicopter over the Southeast Asia jungle, with hoist deployed to rescue a downed airman, December 1968. During the Vietnam war, the HH43 helicopter was also commonly referred to by the radio callsign "Pedro."

pj9.jpg
U.S. Air Force pararescuemen Senior Airman Corey Farr of the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron repels from an HH-60G Pave Hawk during operational training in Iraq on Sept. 19, 2008. Photo by Staff Sgt. Aaron Allmon (Balad PJs, CSAR Train So 'that Others May Live')

However, over time, the mission changed from simply CSAR, and now includes casualty evacuation and humanitarian disaster relief missions. Their ability to adapt to the ever-changing combat and political environment further solidifies their reputation as the ones to call when lives are on the line.

U.S. Air Force pararescuemen from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron aboard a HH-60G Pave Hawk during a operational training in Iraq on Sept. 19, 2008. Photo by Staff Sgt. Aaron Allmon.

"With the exception of the last few years, AF Rescue as a whole in the deployed arena has remained niche-based with the CSAR mission focus," said Maj. Joseph Alkire, 66th ERQS detachment commander. "Although always capable of full-spectrum personnel recovery options, the last few years have seen an increase and expansion across the board in PR mission set; most notably Casualty Evacuation, or CASEVAC in support of Operation Enduring Freedom."

Operation Iraqi Freedom: HH-60G Pave Hawks from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron fly over an area in Iraq during an operational training exercise, Sept. 19, 2008. Photo by Staff Sgt. Aaron Allmon

According to Alkire, although other assets are able to perform certain functions under the "PR umbrella," the Air Force is the "only service to organize, train and equip a dedicated rescue force capable of full-spectrum PR across a wide range of threat and environmental operating conditions."



Staff Sgt. Joshua Kruse and Senior Airman Nate Simonson, 64th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron pararescuemen, administer aid to a mock patient during a night training exercise, Oct. 20. The exercise simulated a nighttime extraction scenario emphasizing the rappelling portion of the pararescue mission. US Air Force Photos by Chris Hubenthal.

"The HH-60G and Guardian Angel pararescue forces are prepared for all PR missions, from CSAR to CASEVAC, along with humanitarian disaster relief and non-combatant evacuation operations," said Alkire.

pj12.jpg
A French jump master prepares U.S. Air Force Tech. Sgt. Travis Shaw to jump out a French C-130 Transall near Camp Lemonier, Djibouti. Shaw, a pararescueman from the 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron jumped with French Foreign legionnaires, using French parachutes, twice the same day. The Guardian Angels trained with the legionnaires to promote interoperability between the two militaries.

The dual role tasking, for both theater PR and CASEVAC in Southern Afghanistan has AF rescue forces gainfully employed. The rescue squadron regularly employs with Army, Marine and British Rescue Forces responding to missions. The ranges of mission requests are often diverse, from ridgeline extractions to dive operations, casualty evacuations to CSAR recoveries. Alkire feels "the highly maneuverable Pave Hawk helicopter and the PJs are uniquely suited to accomplish them all in support of sister services and international partners."

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French service members jump out of a French C-130 Transall near Camp Lemonier, Djibouti. U.S. Air Force Guardian Angels from the 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron jumped with French Foreign legionnaires, using French parachutes, twice the same day. The Guardian Angels trained with the legionnaires to promote interoperability between the two militaries. Photo by Petty Officer 2nd Class Jesse Awalt

"The rescue squadron has been very successful in taking on the broader roles in support of the medical evacuation mission in Afghanistan, while maintaining the constant alert required by the CSAR mission," said Alkire. "The aircrews and the pararescue teams continue to maintain the highest level of response and care in a highly professional manner day in and day out, whenever or wherever they are tasked.

"I can't ask more than that," he added.

pj7.jpg
A U.S. Air Force Combat Rescue Officer from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron stationed at Davis-Monthan AFB, Ariz., deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, looks out the door of an HH-60 Pave Hawk. The members of the 66th ERQS can respond to a medical evacuation in less than seven minutes to pick up patients in need of care.

While the number of alert calls is diminishing with the cold weather, the crew's willingness to fly into harm's way is not. And no matter who the patient is, the sense of urgency is still the same, something for which the wounded soldier is grateful.

pj15.jpg
A U.S. Air Force pararescueman from the 66th Expeditionary Rescue Squadron deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, hands off an injured patient to coalition forces, Dec. 8. The pararescuemen deliver injured patients within minutes of picking them up and getting them to a medical facility. Photo by Staff Sgt. Angelita Lawrence.

Safely recovered at Camp Bastion, the soldier is quickly transported from the helicopter to the waiting medical facility, where he is given all the treatment necessary to return him to his unit.

It is another save and another successful mission completed by these Airmen. They return to their rooms to wait for the next call, ready and willing to do whatever it takes to get to those in need, risking their lives, "So that others may live."

pj14.jpg
U.S. Air Force pararescueman coordinates triage for Senior Master Sgt. Alan Sigafoos, a simulated victim, as they participate in a mass casualty exercise, Dec. 17, in Grand Bara, Djibouti. This mass casualty exercise simulates a C-130 crash and recovery. Four evaluators, seven Army and four PJs from the 82nd Expeditionary Rescue Squadron at Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa, participated in the exercise. Photo by Master Sgt. Carlotta Holley

*****

Some previous/related posts:

TSgt John A. Chapman and SrA Jason D. Cunningham

The Boo Radleys VII (A1C William Pitsenbarger)

Not just the "Chair Force"

Others May Live

Elsewhere: Don't miss Noah Shachtman's account of his mission with the PJs here. Mike Yon has more PJ mission photos here.



Posted by Greyhawk / June 11, 2010 1:05 PM | Permalink

1 Comment

These guys are the bravest people on Earth.

If the para rescue forces did not exist, our military (especially the aviators) would not hang it out the way they do.

At 0645 on the 28th of April 1972, I should have been killed.
The men of the 33 ARRS risked their lives to save mine. It was the bravest act I have ever seen. Details at the link.

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November 26, 2010


America@war
[Greyhawk]
I think anyone who's ever pondered the "comment" option - once only available on blogs and bulletin boards, now ubiquitous on almost any web site - will appreciate this:
The so-called faculty of writing is not so much a faculty of writing as it is a faculty of thinking. When a man says, "I have an idea but I can't express it"; that man hasn't an idea but merely a vague feeling. If a man has a feeling of that kind, and will sit down for a half an hour and persistently try to put into writing what he feels, the probabilities are at least 90 percent that he will either be able to record it, or else realize that he has no idea at all. In either case, he will do himself a benefit.

That's wisdom from the past, captured for posterity at the US Naval Institute, shared via the web on the institute's 137th anniversary.

From their about page:

The Naval Institute shall remain

INDEPENDENT - A non-profit member association, with no government support, that does not lobby for special interests;

NON-PARTISAN - An independent, professional military association with a mission, goals and objectives that transcend political affiliations; and shall encourage

IDEAS - Through its respected journals Proceedings and Naval History, its conferences, its books and its online content, in support of those who serve.

"The Naval Institute has three core activities," among them, History and Preservation:

The Naval Institute also has recently introduced Americans at War, a living history of Americans at war in their own words and from their own experiences. These 90-second vignettes convey powerful stories of inspiration, pride, and patriotism.

Take a look at the collection, and you'll see it's not limited to accounts from those who served on ships at sea, members of the other branches are well-represented.

I'm fortunate to have met USNI's Mary Ripley, she's responsible for the institute's oral history program (and she's the daughter of the late John Ripley, whose story is told here). She also deserves much credit for their blog. ("We're not the Navy nor any government agency. Blog and comment freely.") We met at a milblog conference - Mary knew (and I would come to realize) that milbloggers are the 21st-century version of exactly what the US Naval Institute is all about. Once that light bulb came on in my head, I mentioned a vague idea for a project to her - milblogs as the 21st century oral history that they are.

"Put that in writing," she said (of course - see first paragraph above!) - and here's part of the result.

Shortly after the first tent was pitched by the American military in Iraq a wire was connected to a computer therein, and the internet was available to a generation of Americans at war - many of whom had grown up online. From that point on, at any given moment, somewhere in Iraq a Soldier, Sailor, Airman or Marine was at a keyboard sharing the events of his or her day with the folks back home. While most would simply fire off an email, others took advantage of the (then) relatively new online blogging platforms to post their thoughts and experiences for the entire world to see. The milblog was born - and from that moment to this stories detailing everything from the most mundane aspects of camp life to intense combat action (often described within hours of the event) have been available on the web...

And et cetera - but since you're reading this on a milblog, you probably knew that. And you know that milblogs aren't just blogs written by troops at war, that many friends, family members, and supporters likewise documented their story of America at war online in near-real time, as those stories developed.

The diversity in membership of that group is broad, the one thing we all have in common is the impulse to make sense of the seemingly senseless, and communicate the tale - for each of us that impulse was strong enough to overcome whatever barriers prevent the vast majority of people from doing the same. Everyone at some point has some vague idea they believe should be shared - we were the people who, from some combination of internal and external urging, found and spent those many half hours persistently trying to write it down.

*****

But where will all that be in another 137 years? Or five or ten, for that matter. That's something I've asked myself since at least 2004 - when I wrote this:

Closing Blogs is nothing new. So many site's owners just give up on their own. They come and go, you know, these MilBloggers do. Like any other sort of blogger. Many post in the lonely down hours far from home, spill their guts for the world, then abandon their spots when the tour of duty is up. They have lives again somewhere in the world, and no need to share the details. So it goes.

Many are truly gone - no site left at all. "The page cannot be found." Other blogs remain, like abandoned defensive positions in shifting desert sands.

Membership in the ghost battalion has grown in the years since, and an ever growing majority of those abandoned-but-still-standing sites are vanishing. Have you checked out Lt Smash's site lately? How about Sgt Hook's? If you're a long-time milblog reader you know the first widely-read milblog from Operation Iraq Freedom and the first widely-read milblog from Afghanistan are both gone from the web. If you're a relative newcomer to this world you may never even have heard of them - or the dozens upon dozens of others who carried forth the standard they set down.

If you have a vague notion that something should be done about that, (a notion I've heard expressed more than once...) then you and I and the good folks at the US Naval Institute are in agreement. Preserving the history documented by the milbloggers is just one of the goals of the milblog project, the once-vague idea that we're now making real.

And it's a big idea, if I say so myself - too big to explain in one simple blog post, so stand by for more. Likewise, it's too big a task to be accomplished by just one person. So if you're a milblogger (and exactly what is a milblogger? is a topic for much further discussion on its own) I'm asking for your help. All I'll really need is just a little bit (maybe just one or two of those half hours...) of your time, and your willingness to tell the tale.

We've already made history, it's time to save it.

(More to follow...)




Posted 4:02 PM | Permalink | Comments (0) |

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The Mudville Gazette is written and produced by Greyhawk, who recently retired from 24 years of active duty in the US military, but will maintain this disclaimer: Unless otherwise credited, the opinions expressed are those of the author, and nothing here is to be taken as representing the official position of or endorsement by the United States Department of Defense or any of its subordinate components.

Furthermore, I will occasionally use satire or parody herein. The bottom line: it's my house.

I like having visitors to my house. I hope you are entertained. I fight for your right to free speech, and am thrilled when you exercise said rights here. Comments and e-mails are welcome, but all such communication is to be assumed to be 1)the original work of any who initiate said communication and 2)the property of the Mudville Gazette, with free use granted thereto for publication in electronic or written form. If you do NOT wish to have your message posted, write "CONFIDENTIAL" in the subject line of your email.

Original content copyright © 2003 - 2011 by Greyhawk. Fair, not-for-profit use of said material by others is encouraged, as long as acknowledgement and credit is given, to include the url of the original source post. Other arrangements can be made as needed.

Contact: greyhawk at mudvillegazette dot com

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*****

Tending Distant
Fires


Far from hearth and home, watching
Cold alone but not alone
On distant shore and only wanting
Safe return and little more

What tales we'll tell
When that time comes
When tales can be told

When things grim
Seem far away
When other fires go cold

Some distant sunset, vision fading
Memories remain
And tired eyes gaze 'pon folded flags
While distant drums beat their refrain

Saluting fallen friends whose names
And youth will never fade
Here's to those on other shores,
for them live well, the price is paid

- Greyhawk,
Baghdad,
December 2004