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June 10, 2009

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And Now Back to Introduction to Pre-COIN 101

By Greyhawk

Okay, here's the complete quote that appears only in part here. To clarify what I'm about to relate: although I was in Iraq in 2007, when I use "we" in the following, I mean United States forces.

*****

I may be wrong - but there seems to be some fundamental misunderstanding of COIN in general and "protecting the population" at play here.

The idea that those are somehow efforts that don't involve killing bad guys and blowing things up is wrong. I know this is obvious to 90% of the people who comment here, but there's also a growing number of people seeking understanding of this newfangled "COIN" business who may be under the impression that it's some sort of bloodless warfare - and some may scan these comments for illumination. If you aren't among that number skip this rest of this.


In Iraq for the early days of the surge we did not pull away from contact for fear of hurting someone - in fact we did the opposite. We plopped ourselves down in various neighborhoods (very much to protect the populations therein) knowing full well a bit of the old ultra violence would ensue. Check the death tolls* - civilian or military - for late winter to early summer '07 to see the result.

We killed bad guys ("irreconcilables") in droves. If they didn't come to us, we air assaulted (sorry - delivered troops via helicopter) to them. And if CAS (sorry - close air support, aka death from above via fixed or rotary wing aircraft...) was needed for TIC (sorry - troops in contact, meaning exchanging gunfire with the enemy), CAS was delivered. (Do not, however, take this to mean wanton, indiscriminate slaughter.)

I said we knew full well this would happen because we had a model: Anbar in '06. While much has been mentioned of the awakening (to which much credit is due), less has been said of the American efforts that preceded it. 1-1 AD cleared chunks of Ramadi, rather violently imposing themselves in the neighborhoods through the summer of '06. (Said violence was generally started by those who didn't like the new neighbors, and finished by the fine young men of the Ready First.) The awakening followed this demonstration of purpose. By Fall '06 they had "tipped the scales" in Anbar. (A longer comment would include Tal Afar '05/'06 as precedent for this...)

By late summer '07 we had pretty much tipped the scales in Baghdad too - check those death tolls* (or "life tolls", if you prefer) again. Part of the reason for that is that we initiated (repeat for clarity: we initiated) "the Awakening" movement there. (Ask me which was more important, the awakening or the surge and I'll ask you whether guns or ammo are more important.) But in less than two years we've forgotten about the eggs we broke to make that omelet - and the uproar back home against the effort at the time. (We couldn't put up a fucking T-wall without negative press.)

COIN is not a fluffy bunny warfare world where no one gets hurt and we all ride unicorns over rainbows. It is very much killing the enemy. Protecting the population requires it.

And for those who knew all that but read it anyway, sorry - but I warned you at the start.

*This is not an argument for death tolls as Metric; they're useful only once the perspective of time/hindsight has been gained.

*****

I mention that by way of introducing these PowerPoint slides (in pdf format - and no, they aren't a joke) and this document. The two together serve as a fine introduction to Counter-Insurgency (aka "COIN") in execution - not theory.

I should note that the second document, relating the story of Anbar in '06 and the "Awakening" movement that began there, was not published until 2008. In between was the surge, tactics for which were being developed as this battle was being fought.

But the tactics employed would look a lot like this - in part because the guy who the Ready First relieved in Tal Afar went home to help write the book. But we'll get to that later.

For those seeking a bit more advanced info, I recommend actually reading the full comment thread here. Some remarks are true gems, some are just throwaways from smart people, some of pure garbage, and others define to some degree the core debate on COIN. If you can tell which are which you don't need this intro course, in which case thanks for reading.

Update a day later: I failed to provide the link to "full comment thread here" in the original post of this entry. Needless to say, this was a mistake, corrected now.


Posted by Greyhawk / June 10, 2009 3:27 PM | Permalink

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Welcome to the Dawn Patrol, our daily roundup of information on the War on Terror and other topics - from the MilBlogs and various sources around the world. If you're a blogger, you can join the conversation. If you link to any of these stories, add a ... Read More

"Anyone who thinks U.S. soldiers sit around passing out Snickers bars all day as part of counterinsurgency operations needs to visit the Arghandab." That's a quote from Andrew Exum, who spent some time in Afghanistan earlier this month. His is an opin... Read More

2 Comments

Greyhawk, I woke up thinking about this post, if I had *any brains*, I would be sleeping, as you can see, I'm writing. You are taking on a huge task. You are talking about something that is about half as clear as mud. Let's stop for a moment, let's not look at them, but at ourselves. We need to take our preconceptions and put them into the box and seal it. Why? The objective is to become teachable. Your training is not touched, but in fact it is enhanced. It actually makes your mind a "force multiplier", but on an "exponential level". If we were to leave the preconceptions at home, the packs get lighter. The packs are actually in the space between our ears. To be honest, preconceptions just clogs up our thinking process. I may not be the sharpest character, but as I look at the mirror and the image of myself looking back a me. I notice, there are two ears and only one mouth. Is there a lesson here? If we remember, this is their Country. They are the ones with the "Home Field Advantage". Take the time to just imagine what it is like for them. Just in your imagination, consider what it would be like for a place like Kansas, of course without the weapons in our hands.

Sir, THANK YOU, for this imaginary journey.
V/R Grumpy

Grumpy,
I like Andrew Exum's point that (paraphrasing) those who know COIN don't want to do it.

Seeing things from the POV of the population is crucial. "Home field advantage" implies the population is primarily against us, the point of COIN is to ensure that whatever percentage of the population is actually against us is kept low, because

- we're actually meeting the immediate needs of the vast majority.
- they realize we won't be there forever and that
- their future without us will be much better without "the opposition" too

Those things must be defined on their terms.

One key to success in COIN is that "outside the box" thinking is critical. A problem - and one the military has always struggled with - is that whenever we really do break out of a box we immediately and furiously begin building new ones. This is so fundamental that it's ignored by smart folks working on the details that may become that box - but if we can't avoid that I believe we're in trouble.

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November 26, 2010


America@war
[Greyhawk]
I think anyone who's ever pondered the "comment" option - once only available on blogs and bulletin boards, now ubiquitous on almost any web site - will appreciate this:
The so-called faculty of writing is not so much a faculty of writing as it is a faculty of thinking. When a man says, "I have an idea but I can't express it"; that man hasn't an idea but merely a vague feeling. If a man has a feeling of that kind, and will sit down for a half an hour and persistently try to put into writing what he feels, the probabilities are at least 90 percent that he will either be able to record it, or else realize that he has no idea at all. In either case, he will do himself a benefit.

That's wisdom from the past, captured for posterity at the US Naval Institute, shared via the web on the institute's 137th anniversary.

From their about page:

The Naval Institute shall remain

INDEPENDENT - A non-profit member association, with no government support, that does not lobby for special interests;

NON-PARTISAN - An independent, professional military association with a mission, goals and objectives that transcend political affiliations; and shall encourage

IDEAS - Through its respected journals Proceedings and Naval History, its conferences, its books and its online content, in support of those who serve.

"The Naval Institute has three core activities," among them, History and Preservation:

The Naval Institute also has recently introduced Americans at War, a living history of Americans at war in their own words and from their own experiences. These 90-second vignettes convey powerful stories of inspiration, pride, and patriotism.

Take a look at the collection, and you'll see it's not limited to accounts from those who served on ships at sea, members of the other branches are well-represented.

I'm fortunate to have met USNI's Mary Ripley, she's responsible for the institute's oral history program (and she's the daughter of the late John Ripley, whose story is told here). She also deserves much credit for their blog. ("We're not the Navy nor any government agency. Blog and comment freely.") We met at a milblog conference - Mary knew (and I would come to realize) that milbloggers are the 21st-century version of exactly what the US Naval Institute is all about. Once that light bulb came on in my head, I mentioned a vague idea for a project to her - milblogs as the 21st century oral history that they are.

"Put that in writing," she said (of course - see first paragraph above!) - and here's part of the result.

Shortly after the first tent was pitched by the American military in Iraq a wire was connected to a computer therein, and the internet was available to a generation of Americans at war - many of whom had grown up online. From that point on, at any given moment, somewhere in Iraq a Soldier, Sailor, Airman or Marine was at a keyboard sharing the events of his or her day with the folks back home. While most would simply fire off an email, others took advantage of the (then) relatively new online blogging platforms to post their thoughts and experiences for the entire world to see. The milblog was born - and from that moment to this stories detailing everything from the most mundane aspects of camp life to intense combat action (often described within hours of the event) have been available on the web...

And et cetera - but since you're reading this on a milblog, you probably knew that. And you know that milblogs aren't just blogs written by troops at war, that many friends, family members, and supporters likewise documented their story of America at war online in near-real time, as those stories developed.

The diversity in membership of that group is broad, the one thing we all have in common is the impulse to make sense of the seemingly senseless, and communicate the tale - for each of us that impulse was strong enough to overcome whatever barriers prevent the vast majority of people from doing the same. Everyone at some point has some vague idea they believe should be shared - we were the people who, from some combination of internal and external urging, found and spent those many half hours persistently trying to write it down.

*****

But where will all that be in another 137 years? Or five or ten, for that matter. That's something I've asked myself since at least 2004 - when I wrote this:

Closing Blogs is nothing new. So many site's owners just give up on their own. They come and go, you know, these MilBloggers do. Like any other sort of blogger. Many post in the lonely down hours far from home, spill their guts for the world, then abandon their spots when the tour of duty is up. They have lives again somewhere in the world, and no need to share the details. So it goes.

Many are truly gone - no site left at all. "The page cannot be found." Other blogs remain, like abandoned defensive positions in shifting desert sands.

Membership in the ghost battalion has grown in the years since, and an ever growing majority of those abandoned-but-still-standing sites are vanishing. Have you checked out Lt Smash's site lately? How about Sgt Hook's? If you're a long-time milblog reader you know the first widely-read milblog from Operation Iraq Freedom and the first widely-read milblog from Afghanistan are both gone from the web. If you're a relative newcomer to this world you may never even have heard of them - or the dozens upon dozens of others who carried forth the standard they set down.

If you have a vague notion that something should be done about that, (a notion I've heard expressed more than once...) then you and I and the good folks at the US Naval Institute are in agreement. Preserving the history documented by the milbloggers is just one of the goals of the milblog project, the once-vague idea that we're now making real.

And it's a big idea, if I say so myself - too big to explain in one simple blog post, so stand by for more. Likewise, it's too big a task to be accomplished by just one person. So if you're a milblogger (and exactly what is a milblogger? is a topic for much further discussion on its own) I'm asking for your help. All I'll really need is just a little bit (maybe just one or two of those half hours...) of your time, and your willingness to tell the tale.

We've already made history, it's time to save it.

(More to follow...)




Posted 4:02 PM | Permalink | Comments (0) |

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The Mudville Gazette is the on-line voice of an American warrior and his wife who stands by him. They prefer to see peaceful change render force of arms unnecessary. Until that day they stand fast with those who struggle for freedom, strike for reason, and pray for a better tomorrow.
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  • Greyhawk: Grumpy, I like Andrew Exum's point that (paraphrasing) those who read more
  • Grumpy: Greyhawk, I woke up thinking about this post, if I read more

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The Mudville Gazette is written and produced by Greyhawk, who recently retired from 24 years of active duty in the US military, but will maintain this disclaimer: Unless otherwise credited, the opinions expressed are those of the author, and nothing here is to be taken as representing the official position of or endorsement by the United States Department of Defense or any of its subordinate components.

Furthermore, I will occasionally use satire or parody herein. The bottom line: it's my house.

I like having visitors to my house. I hope you are entertained. I fight for your right to free speech, and am thrilled when you exercise said rights here. Comments and e-mails are welcome, but all such communication is to be assumed to be 1)the original work of any who initiate said communication and 2)the property of the Mudville Gazette, with free use granted thereto for publication in electronic or written form. If you do NOT wish to have your message posted, write "CONFIDENTIAL" in the subject line of your email.

Original content copyright © 2003 - 2011 by Greyhawk. Fair, not-for-profit use of said material by others is encouraged, as long as acknowledgement and credit is given, to include the url of the original source post. Other arrangements can be made as needed.

Contact: greyhawk at mudvillegazette dot com

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*****

Tending Distant
Fires


Far from hearth and home, watching
Cold alone but not alone
On distant shore and only wanting
Safe return and little more

What tales we'll tell
When that time comes
When tales can be told

When things grim
Seem far away
When other fires go cold

Some distant sunset, vision fading
Memories remain
And tired eyes gaze 'pon folded flags
While distant drums beat their refrain

Saluting fallen friends whose names
And youth will never fade
Here's to those on other shores,
for them live well, the price is paid

- Greyhawk,
Baghdad,
December 2004